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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Scheitelpunkt</span></h1>
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<p><b>Scheitelpunkte</b>, kurz <b>Scheitel</b>, sind in der <a href="Geometrie" title="Geometrie">Geometrie</a> besondere Punkte auf Kurven. Die Scheitelpunkte eines <a href="Kegelschnitt" title="Kegelschnitt">Kegelschnitts</a> (<a href="Ellipse" title="Ellipse">Ellipse</a>, <a href="Parabel_(Mathematik)" title="Parabel (Mathematik)">Parabel</a> oder <a href="Hyperbel_(Mathematik)" title="Hyperbel (Mathematik)">Hyperbel</a>) sind die Schnittpunkte der Kurve mit den Symmetrieachsen. Sie sind gleichzeitig die Punkte, an denen die <a href="Kr%C3%BCmmung" title="Krümmung">Krümmung</a> maximal oder minimal ist. Der Scheitelpunkt einer aufrecht stehenden Parabel, der <a href="Funktionsgraph" title="Funktionsgraph">Funktionsgraph</a> einer <a href="Quadratische_Funktion" title="Quadratische Funktion">quadratischen Funktion</a> ist, ist auch Hochpunkt oder Tiefpunkt des Graphen. Durch die Lage des Scheitelpunkts und den Streckfaktor ist der Graph einer quadratischen Funktion eindeutig bestimmt. Die rechnerische Bestimmung des Scheitelpunkts ist somit ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel, um den Graphen einer quadratischen Funktion zu zeichnen.
</p><p>Allgemeiner bezeichnet man in der <a href="Differentialgeometrie" title="Differentialgeometrie">Differentialgeometrie</a> einen Punkt auf einer <a href="Regul%C3%A4re_Kurve" class="mw-redirect" title="Reguläre Kurve">regulären Kurve</a> als Scheitel oder Scheitelpunkt, wenn die Krümmung dort ein lokales <a href="Extremum" class="mw-redirect" title="Extremum">Extremum</a> (also ein lokales Maximum oder Minimum) besitzt. Der <a href="Vierscheitelsatz" title="Vierscheitelsatz">Vierscheitelsatz</a> macht eine Aussage über die Existenz und die Anzahl von Scheitelpunkten bei einfach geschlossenen glatten ebenen Kurven.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scheitelpunkt_eines_Kegelschnitts">Scheitelpunkt eines Kegelschnitts</h2></div>
<p>Die Scheitelpunkte eines <a href="Kegelschnitt" title="Kegelschnitt">Kegelschnitts</a> sind die Schnittpunkte einer solchen Kurve mit deren <a href="Symmetrie_(Geometrie)" title="Symmetrie (Geometrie)">Symmetrieachsen</a>. Die <a href="Ellipse" title="Ellipse">Ellipse</a> hat vier Scheitel, zwei <i><a href="Hauptscheitel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hauptscheitel">Hauptscheitel</a></i> und zwei <i><a href="Nebenscheitel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebenscheitel">Nebenscheitel</a></i>, bei der <a href="Hyperbel_(Mathematik)" title="Hyperbel (Mathematik)">Hyperbel</a> treten zwei auf, bei der <a href="Parabel_(Mathematik)" title="Parabel (Mathematik)">Parabel</a> nur einer, der Kreis hat keinen expliziten Scheitelpunkt.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scheitelpunkt_einer_Parabel">Scheitelpunkt einer Parabel</h2></div>
<p>Der <a href="Funktionsgraph" title="Funktionsgraph">Graph</a> einer <a href="Quadratische_Funktion" title="Quadratische Funktion">quadratischen Funktion</a> ist eine Parabel. Ihr Scheitelpunkt ist identisch mit dem Hochpunkt (<a href="Lokales_Maximum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokales Maximum">lokales Maximum</a>), wenn sie nach unten geöffnet ist, und identisch mit dem Tiefpunkt (<a href="Lokales_Minimum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lokales Minimum">lokales Minimum</a>), wenn sie nach oben geöffnet ist.
</p><p>Wenn die Lage des Scheitelpunkts bekannt ist, kann die Parabel, sofern sie weder gestaucht noch gestreckt ist, mit Hilfe einer <a href="Parabelschablone" title="Parabelschablone">Parabelschablone</a> schnell in ein <a href="Koordinatensystem" title="Koordinatensystem">Koordinatensystem</a> gezeichnet werden. Man kann die Parabelschablone auch zum Zeichnen von gestauchten oder gestreckten Parabeln verwenden, wenn man das Koordinatensystem entsprechend skaliert.
</p><p>Die Koordinaten <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ef71d6be0a17482540a244aeca492f40719719b2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.088ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> des Scheitelpunkts lassen sich auf verschiedene Weisen ermitteln.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scheitelpunktform">Scheitelpunktform</h3></div>
<p>Jede quadratische Funktion lässt in der Form
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=a(x-x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=a(x-x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/744f943c5e769ce0bcbcd22bfb625d6de79d7a72.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:23.674ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=a(x-x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>schreiben. Dabei sind <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ef71d6be0a17482540a244aeca492f40719719b2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.088ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S},y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts, weshalb man diese Darstellung auch <i>Scheitelform</i> oder <i>Scheitelpunktform</i> nennt. Liegt eine quadratische Funktion in Scheitelpunktform vor, so können die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts direkt abgelesen werden.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beispiel">Beispiel</h4></div>
<p>Die quadratische Funktion
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=2(x+2)^{2}+3}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=2(x+2)^{2}+3}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/74d9b3095157e2019c11d23c177f0e0e13598b03.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.877ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=2(x+2)^{2}+3}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>hat ihren Scheitelpunkt bei <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle S(-2|3)}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>S</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle S(-2|3)}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/76d50119b3ce69b71fb756cfeef31c7b70a06d06.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:8.088ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle S(-2|3)}" loading="lazy"></span>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allgemeine_Form">Allgemeine Form</h3></div>
<p>Liegt eine quadratische Funktion in der allgemeinen Form
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)\,=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)\,=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e54b793cbb7e3f2104307b33f95f2aeb97c1b9bc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.532ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)\,=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>mit <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a\neq 0}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>≠<!-- ≠ --></mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a\neq 0}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f455a7f96d74aa94573d8e32da3b240ab0aa294f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.491ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a\neq 0}" loading="lazy"></span> vor, so lauten die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d3e4c50d4d04b891e53f81a0ee581bb12ff62632.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:26.719ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl><p>
Es gibt mehrere Möglichkeiten, diese Formeln herzuleiten (siehe unten).</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beispiel_2">Beispiel</h4></div>
<p>Für die quadratische Funktion
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}-6x+4}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>6</mn>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}-6x+4}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ca7d2405e142920f9940c9110f78a3400fc1d042.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:19.235ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}-6x+4}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>liefert Einsetzen von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a=1,b=-6}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a=1,b=-6}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/de286e06c8e015b0d2353ae7af57a219d2275f7e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.591ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a=1,b=-6}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c=4}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c=4}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/696dd2d2b6159a7b10f15335b2efbddca7bb08a2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.268ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c=4}" loading="lazy"></span> in die Formeln für <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b92b8756566d67fcc699fd6d3dc94b078dd18482.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.622ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a87cb731e05bfb33a32873d1a3f0a2c9c6fc476c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.432ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> sofort die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {-6}{2}}=3\quad }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {-6}{2}}=3\quad }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ee5dfc13cc81cbda5e00cb9539145cb72b05a27c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:17.919ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {-6}{2}}=3\quad }" loading="lazy"></span>und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \quad y_{S}=4-{\frac {(-6)^{2}}{4\cdot 1}}=-5}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>6</mn>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>⋅<!-- ⋅ --></mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>5</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \quad y_{S}=4-{\frac {(-6)^{2}}{4\cdot 1}}=-5}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/6a3c460114d5b10e1a370d0f72060fcd1ab00f4a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:24.595ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \quad y_{S}=4-{\frac {(-6)^{2}}{4\cdot 1}}=-5}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Herleitung_mittels_Verschiebung">Herleitung mittels Verschiebung</h4></div>
<p>Die <a href="Normalparabel" title="Normalparabel">Normalparabel</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y=x^{2}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y=x^{2}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ad1108c4c9ee8ac7de90b77f9bd27415b13b6bf1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.638ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y=x^{2}}" loading="lazy"></span> hat ihren Scheitel im Koordinatenursprung. Eine Streckung in <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}" loading="lazy"></span>-Richtung mit dem Streckungsfaktor <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>a</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ffd2487510aa438433a2579450ab2b3d557e5edc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a}" loading="lazy"></span> (Parabelgleichung <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b5d52a44a3db46af9ddcfabec595af948aff95b8.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:7.868ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}}" loading="lazy"></span>) ändert daran nichts.
Wird diese Parabel jetzt in <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"></span>-Richtung um <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b92b8756566d67fcc699fd6d3dc94b078dd18482.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.622ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> Einheiten und in <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}" loading="lazy"></span>-Richtung um <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a87cb731e05bfb33a32873d1a3f0a2c9c6fc476c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.432ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> Einheiten verschoben, so dass ihr Scheitel die Koordinaten <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle S(x_{S}|y_{S})}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>S</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle S(x_{S}|y_{S})}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/398a2177cb39793fd140757c645fb086b91cf62e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:9.009ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle S(x_{S}|y_{S})}" loading="lazy"></span> besitzt, so hat die verschobene Parabel die Koordinatengleichung
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (y-y_{S})=a(x-x_{S})^{2}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (y-y_{S})=a(x-x_{S})^{2}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f58a8594442bad6f62b1a34b917ea94d951aef1e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:22.221ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (y-y_{S})=a(x-x_{S})^{2}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Durch Ausmultiplizieren und Umstellen erhält man
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}-2ax_{S}x+a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}-2ax_{S}x+a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3cba2e78fd1ef0ddeb7b84d3ec596e4e961d415c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:31.88ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}-2ax_{S}x+a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p><a href="Koeffizientenvergleich" title="Koeffizientenvergleich">Koeffizientenvergleich</a> mit der allgemeinen Form <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/cf8a55c26ab89b7ed1b9b7dba43e446364e96022.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.883ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span> liefert
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle b=-2ax_{S}\quad }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle b=-2ax_{S}\quad }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/644b2e259f11632dfcd2b43603e0b1e7eecb41e7.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.241ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle b=-2ax_{S}\quad }" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \quad c=a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \quad c=a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2b87aa772a254acf9e9c8644b2d4b081f841c618.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.415ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \quad c=a(x_{S})^{2}+y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Hieraus erhält man
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {b}{-2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {b}{-2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/99ec10fdf0b881f21088c7fd580bc9efbfecaa76.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:26.719ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {b}{-2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Herleitung_mittels_Überführung_in_Scheitelpunktform"><span id="Herleitung_mittels_.C3.9Cberf.C3.BChrung_in_Scheitelpunktform"></span>Herleitung mittels Überführung in Scheitelpunktform</h4></div>
<p>Die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts können hergeleitet werden, indem die allgemeine Form <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/66fca4dfe28e7b4a4a336578daaab18c87397073.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.145ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span> mithilfe von Termumformungen in die Scheitelpunktform überführt wird. Zunächst wird der Leitkoeffizient ausgeklammert und dann mithilfe <a href="Quadratische_Erg%C3%A4nzung" title="Quadratische Ergänzung">quadratischen Ergänzung</a> und elementaren Termumformungen die Scheitelpunktform hergestellt:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}f(x)&=a\left(x^{2}+{\frac {b}{a}}x\right)+c\\&=a\left(\underbrace {x^{2}+2\,{\frac {b}{2a}}x+\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}} -\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(\qquad \left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\quad -\quad \left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}-a{\frac {b^{2}}{4a^{2}}}+c\\&=a\left(x-\left(-{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)\right)^{2}+c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}\end{aligned}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mtable columnalign="right left right left right left right left right left right left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em" displaystyle="true">
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mi></mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd></mtd>
<mtd>
<mi></mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits">
<munder>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>⏟<!-- ⏟ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd></mtd>
<mtd>
<mi></mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mspace width="2em"></mspace>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd></mtd>
<mtd>
<mi></mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<msup>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd></mtd>
<mtd>
<mi></mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}f(x)&=a\left(x^{2}+{\frac {b}{a}}x\right)+c\\&=a\left(\underbrace {x^{2}+2\,{\frac {b}{2a}}x+\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}} -\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(\qquad \left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\quad -\quad \left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}-a{\frac {b^{2}}{4a^{2}}}+c\\&=a\left(x-\left(-{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)\right)^{2}+c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}\end{aligned}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0a0cb08f0cec31f0696b86abf9ca6ee53a634f42.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -17.838ex; width:49.574ex; height:36.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}f(x)&=a\left(x^{2}+{\frac {b}{a}}x\right)+c\\&=a\left(\underbrace {x^{2}+2\,{\frac {b}{2a}}x+\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}} -\left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(\qquad \left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\quad -\quad \left({\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}\right)+c\\&=a\left(x+{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)^{2}-a{\frac {b^{2}}{4a^{2}}}+c\\&=a\left(x-\left(-{\frac {b}{2a}}\right)\right)^{2}+c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}\end{aligned}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Daraus können die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunktes direkt abgelesen werden: <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d3e4c50d4d04b891e53f81a0ee581bb12ff62632.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:26.719ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-{\frac {b}{2a}},\quad y_{S}=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Herleitung_mithilfe_der_Differentialrechnung">Herleitung mithilfe der Differentialrechnung</h4></div>
<p>Da quadratische Funktionen <a href="Differenzierbarkeit" title="Differenzierbarkeit">differenzierbar</a> sind und der Scheitelpunkt ein lokales Extremum ist, kann der Scheitelpunkt mithilfe der Differenzialrechnung ermittelt werden. Eine quadratische Funktion <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/66fca4dfe28e7b4a4a336578daaab18c87397073.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.145ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span> hat die <a href="Ableitung_(Mathematik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ableitung (Mathematik)">Ableitung</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f'(x)=2ax+b}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msup>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>′</mo>
</msup>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f'(x)=2ax+b}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b0218985d103150c494a8ce929218178198870b9.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:15.803ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f'(x)=2ax+b}" loading="lazy"></span>. Aus der notwendigen Bedingung erhält man die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"></span>-Koordinate des Scheitelpunkts:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2ax+b=0\quad \Rightarrow x_{S}={\frac {-b}{2a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mo stretchy="false">⇒<!-- ⇒ --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2ax+b=0\quad \Rightarrow x_{S}={\frac {-b}{2a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a0b2713bdcc67e5d9ef7afe58597d6a13170eca0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:27.12ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2ax+b=0\quad \Rightarrow x_{S}={\frac {-b}{2a}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Einsetzen von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b92b8756566d67fcc699fd6d3dc94b078dd18482.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.622ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> in die Funktionsgleichung liefert die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}" loading="lazy"></span>-Koordinate des Scheitelpunkts:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y_{S}=f\left({\frac {-b}{2a}}\right)=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y_{S}=f\left({\frac {-b}{2a}}\right)=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/19efc937a6c807f7db045b86b66db36099d6b4f1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:24.433ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y_{S}=f\left({\frac {-b}{2a}}\right)=c-{\frac {b^{2}}{4a}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Herleitung_mithilfe_von_Nullstellen">Herleitung mithilfe von Nullstellen</h4></div>
<p>Hat eine quadratische Funktion <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/66fca4dfe28e7b4a4a336578daaab18c87397073.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.145ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span> die <a href="Nullstelle" title="Nullstelle">Nullstellen</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{1}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{1}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a8788bf85d532fa88d1fb25eff6ae382a601c308.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.384ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{1}}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{2}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{2}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d7af1b928f06e4c7e3e8ebfd60704656719bd766.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.384ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{2}}" loading="lazy"></span>, so liegt die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"></span>-Koordinate des Scheitelpunktes <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b92b8756566d67fcc699fd6d3dc94b078dd18482.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.622ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> aufgrund der Achsensymmetrie der Parabel stets in deren Mitte:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {x_{1}+x_{2}}{2}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {x_{1}+x_{2}}{2}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/0a24bbf55376ad50227bbde71918469cd35489fb.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:14.165ex; height:5.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}={\frac {x_{1}+x_{2}}{2}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Mit der <a href="A-b-c-Formel" class="mw-redirect" title="A-b-c-Formel">a-b-c-Formel</a> lassen sich die Nullstellen mithilfe der Koeffizienten <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a,b,c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a,b,c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f13f068df656c1b1911ae9f81628c49a6181194d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.302ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a,b,c}" loading="lazy"></span> ausdrücken:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{1}={\frac {-b+{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}},\quad x_{2}={\frac {-b-{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<msqrt>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<msqrt>
<msup>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{1}={\frac {-b+{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}},\quad x_{2}={\frac {-b-{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/641d97a601fab80b9518656191231cca0d7f5d93.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:48.516ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{1}={\frac {-b+{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}},\quad x_{2}={\frac {-b-{\sqrt {b^{2}-4ac}}}{2a}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Einsetzen der rechten Seiten in die Mittelpunktsgleichung liefert <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2a9625ab5961f44c0c40d5555d802c282a96372c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.89ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}" loading="lazy"></span>. Die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>y</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}" loading="lazy"></span>-Koordinate des Scheitelpunktes <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a87cb731e05bfb33a32873d1a3f0a2c9c6fc476c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.432ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> erhält man dann durch Einsetzen von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b92b8756566d67fcc699fd6d3dc94b078dd18482.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.622ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}}" loading="lazy"></span> in die <a href="Funktionsgleichung" class="mw-redirect" title="Funktionsgleichung">Funktionsgleichung</a>.
</p><p>Auf eine ähnliche Weise erhält man die Koordinaten des Scheitelpunkts für eine quadratische Funktion <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/66fca4dfe28e7b4a4a336578daaab18c87397073.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:20.145ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(x)=ax^{2}+bx+c}" loading="lazy"></span>, für welche die Existenz von Nullstellen nicht vorausgesetzt werden muss. Dazu wird <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}" loading="lazy"></span> um <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>c</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/86a67b81c2de995bd608d5b2df50cd8cd7d92455.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.007ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c}" loading="lazy"></span> nach unten (falls <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c>0}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>c</mi>
<mo>></mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c>0}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2ba126f626d61752f62eaacaf11761a54de4dc84.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.268ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c>0}" loading="lazy"></span>) bzw. nach oben (falls <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c<0}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>c</mi>
<mo><</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c<0}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/26a48dc798956117afd8c429c39886678c0e7204.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.268ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c<0}" loading="lazy"></span>) verschoben, wodurch man die Funktion
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g(x)=ax^{2}+bx=x(ax+b)}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>g</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g(x)=ax^{2}+bx=x(ax+b)}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8b5ffae1774956bf10abe0fc093d3e215e5d6620.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.77ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g(x)=ax^{2}+bx=x(ax+b)}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>erhält. Da <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>g</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d3556280e66fe2c0d0140df20935a6f057381d77.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.116ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g}" loading="lazy"></span> aus <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}" loading="lazy"></span> durch eine vertikale Verschiebung hervorgegangen ist, haben die Scheitelpunkte von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>f</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>g</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d3556280e66fe2c0d0140df20935a6f057381d77.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.116ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g}" loading="lazy"></span> dieselbe <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}" loading="lazy"></span>-Koordinaten. Die Nullstellen von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>g</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d3556280e66fe2c0d0140df20935a6f057381d77.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.116ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g}" loading="lazy"></span> sind nach dem <a href="Satz_vom_Nullprodukt" class="mw-redirect" title="Satz vom Nullprodukt">Satz vom Nullprodukt</a> gegeben als
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{1}=0}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{1}=0}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/29d278bb750c26d4220fe951a98423a8e9cf354b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.645ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{1}=0}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{2}=-b/a}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{2}=-b/a}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/feabe1eed015f05051a92793d78d98ab73757ab3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:10.68ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{2}=-b/a}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Einsetzen in die Mittelpunktsgleichung liefert <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>S</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>b</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2a9625ab5961f44c0c40d5555d802c282a96372c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.89ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{S}=-b/(2a)}" loading="lazy"></span>.
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